Interesting facts from the history of Swiss watches. Interesting facts about time and clocks. "Happy time" on the dial increases watch sales

guardian of belles lettres

Even in the era of smartphones, watches do not remain on the sidelines in our personal collection of accessories. Shall we synchronize our watches? It's time to learn more about them!

The first clocks appeared among the Sumerians and ancient Egyptians

And it was a sundial. The shadow falling from a pole stuck into the sand or ground, crossing the drawn circle - the prototype of the dial, indicated the time of day. Humanity has used such watches since the 3rd millennium BC. e.

Pocket watches became famous in the 15th century

And they called them “Nuremberg eggs.” Firstly, because they were invented by Peter Henlein, a watchmaker from the German city of Nuremberg, approximately in 1503, reducing the size of a table clock. Secondly, because Henlein's watch had a round shape, like a modern fish can. The mechanism was placed in a brass case, and only one hand moved across the dial, the hour hand. The minute hand appeared later, in the middle of the 16th century, and the second hand - in the middle of the 18th century.

SL Hours: ; with color dial(order)

The first wristwatches were designed for women

The debate about who was the first to produce women's wristwatches is being waged by two respected and world-famous brands: Breguet and Patek Philippe. Breguet has documents confirming that in 1810, a watch with a silver dial on a gold bracelet, with a strike, was created for Caroline Murat, sister of Napoleon Bonaparte and Queen of Naples. And Patek Philippe in 1868 fulfilled an order for a bracelet watch from the Hungarian Countess Koskovich (according to another version, Kotsevich). The difficulty is that both rarities have not survived to this day, so it is difficult to give the laurels of the first ladies' watchmaker to just one.

And men used pocket watches until the 1930s, considering the watch on the wrist to be a feminine adornment. The military actions of the late 19th century and the First World War “helped” to displace the accessory on a chain from the favorites of the strong half of humanity: on the front lines, using a watch securely fastened on the hand was more convenient and safer. Such watches even began to be called trench watches.

The first waterproof watch was released in 1926

And they were created by Rolex watchmakers. The model had a water- and dust-proof sealed body, which is why it received the name Oyster, which means “oyster” in English. To convince all doubters of the unique characteristics of the mechanism, the Rolex house gave a pair of watches to the English swimmer Mercedes Gleitze, and she crossed the English Channel wearing it on October 7, 1927. After ten hours in the water, the watch worked flawlessly.

SL watches: with color dial; on a yellow strap(order)

Quartz watches are more accurate than mechanical watches

In 1657, the Dutch inventor Christiaan Huygens first assembled a mechanical pocket watch, and in 1675 he patented it. The daily error of his watch did not exceed 10 seconds, close to modern mechanisms. The first quartz watches, that is, watches powered by a battery rather than a spring, which do not require daily winding, were released in 1957 by the American company Hamilton.

Each type of watch has its own advantages and disadvantages, but in terms of accuracy, quartz is confidently ahead of mechanics: the accuracy (error) of quartz watches is from 5 to 15–20 seconds per month, and mechanical watches are from minus 20 to plus 40 seconds per day.

"Happy time" on the dial increases watch sales

For clocks displayed in store windows, the time is set so that the placement of the hands on the dial resembles a smile: for example, ten hours ten minutes. Such a “smiley” evokes subconscious sympathy among buyers, which means it has a positive effect on watch sales. Marketers call this technique happy time, or “happy time.”

SL watches: on a red strap; on a lilac strap(order)

The first electronic watches “made themselves known” in the 1970s

The first watch with four windows of numbers on a liquid crystal screen instead of a dial with arrows was produced in 1971 by the Swiss company BWC. The technology turned out to be expensive and imperfect, but there was great interest in the new product, and the watchmakers' research continued. In 1972, the already mentioned Hamilton company introduced the Pulsar P1 watch with an LED display and a case made of... 18-karat gold. Electronic watches entered mass fashion thanks to the Japanese company Seiko, which since 1973 has been producing budget and practical watch models with liquid crystal indicators, that is, with an LCD display.

The era of smartwatches began in the 1980s

A modern digital watch is a mini-computer with a touch screen and the functions of a chronometer, mobile phone, navigator, organizer, camera, and so on and so forth. The “grandfathers” of the Apple Watch, Sony SmartWatch and other smartwatches in the usual sense, released after 2013, were Seiko and Casio devices in the 1980–1990s and Linux Watch, created in 1998 (however, at the end of 2001 the project was folded). Thus, the first watch with a calculator appeared back in 1975, with a TV - in 1982 (the Guinness Book of Records noted the Seiko TV Watch as the smallest TV in the world), with an external keyboard for data entry - in 1983.

The history of watches with built-in games is also interesting. The first such model (Unitrex Monte Carlo) was released in 1977. It had three games: jackpot, craps, roulette, and they did not have their own visualization, but were a random number generator on the display. Gaming watches with full graphics were introduced by Casio in 1980. Models GM-10, GM-20, GM-30 and GM-40 pleased owners with the opportunity to have fun with a couple of shooters and a game similar to Tetris.

Watch: SL with transparent dial; Okami ceramic (order)

An anti-clock is a reverse clock

The clock runs from left to right (clockwise) because that is the direction the sundial's shadow moves. But! This fact is true only for the Northern Hemisphere; in the Southern Hemisphere, the shadow of the gnomon (pole or pillar of a sundial) moves in the opposite way.

Until the twentieth century, residents of both hemispheres used clocks with both arrow directions. In Europe there are tower clocks with reverse movement, for example in Prague and Munich. But in the end, the “northern”, the arrow move that is familiar to us today, won.

However, pocket, wrist and wall clocks that run against the sun, from right to left, and therefore have an “inverted” dial, do not stop being produced. Even Soviet industry, the legendary factories “Molniya”, “Chaika”, “Raketa” had their own anti-clocks. This unusual accessory, which adds originality and style to its owner, by the way, shows the time as expected, you just need to get the hang of determining it quickly.

Today, the world produces more than 1 billion watches per year.

The leader of the world watch market is Japan: its manufacturers account for 60% of sales. In the premium segment, Switzerland traditionally rules the roost: its products are the most expensive. The number of sold mechanical, quartz, electronic and digital (touch) wrist movements, which has exceeded a billion, suggests that many of us have in our personal collection not one or two pairs of watches, but much more - for all occasions.

SL watches: on a pink strap; in aluminum alloy housing(order)

A watch is an indispensable part of human life, without which it is almost impossible to imagine existence in the modern world, even if we do not take into account the abundant presence of all kinds of technologies. Most people know very little about watches: for some it is just an accessory with a useful function, and for others it is simply a must-have item for everyday use.

It is customary to choose the type and appearance of a watch based on plans for its future purpose, by brand and cost - on social status, as well as individual tastes, but when it comes to functional qualities, people almost never can understand what to start from when choosing a watch. choosing a potential purchase. Any information about such an unchanging thing (both historical and practical) will undoubtedly be useful for every person.

The oldest clock in the history of mankind was discovered in Egypt and was a solar clock.

Officially they are the most expensive and highest quality in the world. In addition, the vast majority of Swiss watches always have their own, elegant design, which always distinguishes them from fakes. The brand of this production is used at the Olympic Games, recording the times and records of athletes.

The time of the most accurate atomic clocks on the planet has a microscopic error in its operation.

According to various ratings, CES electric watches are recognized as the most high-tech in the world. Taking into account the diversity of aesthetic preferences of each person and the rapidity of technology development, the first place in this rating may vary, but this brand was recognized as the best based on the results of 2016.

There is a type of clock called a water clock. The principle of their operation is vaguely similar to a sundial; they were used in ancient times, and in the present time there are no analogues left.

In ancient China it was used to tell time fire clock. Later, something similar appeared in Europe, but with a different principle: they began to use candles on which marks were applied. As the candle burned, the elapsed time was determined, measured in units of these same marks.

They were named in this way long after their creation. Their distinctive features are usually increased strength, water resistance and resistance to increased loads. Modern models often have built-in heart rate meters, stopwatches and other functions.

A mechanical watch has four main elements, and if one of these parts is removed, the operation of the device will be useless. Namely, they consist of: a spring or weight that serves as the engine of the device, a wheel with uniform toothed grooves for the main operation of the mechanism, a regulator that ensures uniform operation and a distributor - the basis for starting the watch.

The operating principle of quartz watches is directly related to the material of the same name – quartz.

In some large cities you can find on the streets flower clock, designed both to tell time and to create a pleasant experience for foreigners and locals alike. As a rule, such watches have a simple mechanism located underground, they are made in large dimensions and real, fresh flowers are used as decoration, in the form of a circle, numbers and decorating details.

Scientists have proven that the human biological clock does not correspond to generally accepted standards. The experiment looked like this: two scientists voluntarily went to live in an equipped cave, without access to a clock or sunlight. A couple of weeks later, the biological rhythm of their lives went astray from the usual, which was documented.
A watch is the only accessory that is considered absolutely universal. It is customary to wear wristwatches regardless of gender, age, social status and other factors.
Almost every so-called fashion house produces its own collection of watches with individual designs depending on the show. The work of creating such specimens is usually carried out by Swiss workshops and factories.
When creating women's watch models, attention is paid not so much to the functional part, but to external aesthetic beauty.
The official name for wall clocks of a simplified type, with a pendulum and usually large in size, is walkers.
Sometimes, on watches with Roman symbols, you can find the following symbol instead of the usual and correct spelling of the four “IV”: “IIII”.
The first commercial for a clock mechanism showing the passage of time was released in the United States.
A minute in medieval times was designated by the concept of “moment”.
In China, from ancient times to this day, there has been one, unified time zone valid throughout the country. Thus, regardless of external changes in nature and transitions of solar illumination, the inhabitants of every city in China live according to the same time.
Previously, the mechanism of all watches involved only one hand, moving along more precisely marked marks as smaller units of time.
On advertising posters, photographs and during video filming, watches generally show the same time for the reason that the arrows do not obscure the logo of the advertised product.

1. The first wristwatch was created at the beginning of the 19th century for Eugene Beauharnais, but at that time the idea was not appreciated. At the end of the 19th century, due to the inconvenience of using pocket watches in combat conditions, the military began to wear watches on their wrists (the so-called trench watches), and wristwatches received final recognition only at the beginning of the 20th century. Currently, they are also used as an accessory due to the widespread use of mobile phones.

2. If you take a ticking wristwatch between your teeth and plug your ears, the ticking will turn into strong, heavy blows - it will intensify so much.

3. It takes more than 20 people to make a wristwatch

4. As a rule, most of the manufacturing of watch parts is carried out in Switzerland using automated equipment and modern CNC machines. Only a few manufacturing companies that create products worth tens of thousands of dollars or more allow themselves to manually assemble mechanisms, and even more so - to refine and polish every part of the watch by hand.

5. The history of the Tissot brand dates back to 1853, when the father and son Tissot founded a watch company in Le Locle, Switzerland. It was a small workshop in which the owners themselves worked. The increase in production occurred after a large order of pocket watches from the Imperial Court of Russia for Russian officers. Later, after the loss of this customer due to the revolution of 17, mass production was launched. The workshop provided work for farmer watchmakers. The latter brought the finished products a few weeks later to the Cret-Vaillant family house. The watch was examined by TISSOT and a sign was given that the watch met the watch quality criteria. Hours that did not meet these criteria were eliminated.

6. Since 1974, when Tissot sponsored the Le Mans motor race in France, the company has repeatedly participated as an official partner or "time keeper" in major sporting events, including Formula 1 racing, the Mountain Bike World Cup, the FIM Motorcycle World Championships. sports and others.

7. It is believed that the name of the Swiss watch brand Swatch comes from the phrase “Swiss Watch” (Swiss Watch), but Nicholas George Hayek argued that in fact the name came from the phrase “Second Watch”, that is, a watch for every day, as an affordable accessory.

8. Today, more than 1 billion watch movements are produced in the world per year. Of these, about 60% comes from Japan. The most expensive watches are Swiss, so Swiss companies, while inferior to Japanese ones in terms of the number of watches produced, are significantly ahead of them in terms of revenue.

9. Chopard's is the most expensive watch in the world. The total number of carats of diamonds is 201. Their value is $25 million.

10. The Sultan of Brunei's younger brother, Prince Jefri, paid $5.2 million for 10 diamond-studded wristwatches.

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We come across watches almost everywhere: on the street, at work, at home. It is difficult to imagine our life if clocks had not been invented. Interesting facts about this thing will prove how useful and important it is.

The first clocks were created by the Egyptians around 1500 BC.
The most popular watch color is black.
The first water clock became known more than 4000 BC and was used in China.
On a cuckoo clock, you need to change the time without touching the hour hand, because this can disrupt its mechanism.
You will never be able to find a watch in a casino, because neither the waiters wear them there nor hang them on the walls.
There is a clock that moves counterclockwise.
Typically, clocks in advertisements show 10:10 or 8:20. This is due to the fact that the arrows do not cover the logo. In addition, the time 10:10 resembles an emoticon (smile), which on a subconscious level has a positive effect on customer loyalty.
The clock installed at the end of the Kashirskaya station (Moscow metro) indicates the time of day, the departure time of the last train and... the value of the radioactive background at the station.
Famous actor Bruce Willis wears a watch on his right hand with the dial facing down. This can be seen in many films (“Die Hard”, “Mercury in Danger”, etc.).
In Thailand, in addition to the generally accepted 24-hour timekeeping system, a six-hour system is used (the day is divided into four six-hour periods).
Wristwatches appeared thanks to the aviator. At the beginning of the 20th century, men were in no hurry to wear watches on their wrists, preferring classic pocket watches, if not for one case. Test pilot Alberto Santos always used a watch during testing. One day he turned to his friend Louis Cartier and complained about the inconvenience of handling a pocket watch during flights. This is how the first wristwatches appeared.
Military officers introduced wearing watches on their wrists. Before World War I, wearing wristwatches was reserved for women. However, the fighting made its own changes. Military officers changed their uniforms to tunics and service jackets, and there was simply nowhere to store pocket watches; they fell out of their pockets. Therefore, officers began to wear watches on their hands, as it was a more convenient option. These were the so-called “trench watches”, which became the forerunners of all modern men's watches.
Digital watches appeared thanks to cinema. Digital wristwatches owe their appearance to cinema. Stanley Kubrick's popular film 2001: A Space Odyssey has been repeatedly voted the best space-themed film of the 20th century. It was this film that became the starting point for the popularization of digital watches. The director asked to create a watch of the future for the film, which does not necessarily work, as long as the appearance matches the theme of the film. Everything worked out, and in the frame one of the characters could see such a watch. And in the wake of the success of the film, the watch company decided to release the world's first model of such a digital watch.
Clocks with Roman numerals have their own designation for the number four. On dials with Roman numerals, the fourth hour is almost always designated IIII, and IV is almost never used. According to one version, in the 16th and 17th centuries, the majority of the population did not know how to count. Time was shown mainly on the clocks of public buildings: churches, cathedrals and towers. It was easier for people to count the four features than to understand the strange figure IV.
The first alarm clock did not ring until 4 am. The first alarm clock, which was invented by Levi Hutchins in 1787, was made specifically to ring at 4 o'clock in the morning.
Why do watches use quartz? Quartz is a natural beautiful stone that has electromagnetic properties. Quartz has the property of emitting impulses every second under the influence of electric current. These pulses at 1 second intervals allow manufacturers to create watches that accurately tell time.
Pendulum clock. Pendulums were used in ancient times to power saws, pumps, and bellows, but they began to be used for clock mechanisms in 1656; the construction of such a mechanism is attributed to Christian Huygens.
In 1797, in Great Britain, watches were a luxury item, and their owner was additionally taxed, which greatly reduced the number of people who used watches.
The phrase “works like a clock” used to be used literally because watch makers did their fine work so well that it was a sign of quality. Today the phrase is used to refer to anything that runs smoothly.
Writer James Joyce (author of Ulysses) wore five wristwatches. They were set to different times.
The first commercial in the United States advertised Bulova's watches. They just ticked away for 60 seconds.
Since the 1920s, results at the Olympic Games have been measured by Swiss watches Tag Heuer. Since 1969, they began to be used in Formula 1 races.
In the 17th century, the clock face on the Kremlin’s Spasskaya Tower moved, not the hand. (At that time there was only one arrow)
When you see advertisements for clocks, you usually see the same time, 10.10 or 8.20. This is done so that you can clearly see the brand. Moreover, the time 10.10 resembles a smiley face, a smile, and this has a positive effect on the buyer’s perception.
The most expensive watch in the world is Chopard, worth $25 million. This is a unique piece of jewelry with diamonds... The weight of all the stones on the bracelet is just over two hundred carats.
More than one billion watches are produced worldwide every year. Sixty percent of production is concentrated in Japan.
Many people believe that the name of the Swiss watch “Swatch” is an abbreviation for “Swiss watches” (“Swiss watches”). But according to one of the founders of the company, George Hayek, this is not so. The name was born from the phrase “Second Watch” (“Second Watch”). That is, an affordable and necessary accessory for every day.
Quentin Tarantino is a very principled director. All the characters in his films smoke cigarettes of a non-existent brand that he himself invented. And all the clocks that appear in the frame in the cult “Pulp Fiction” “freeze” at the same time: 4.20.
One of the figurative names of Japan is “The Land of the Rising Sun.” But in fact this is not true. The real Land of the Rising Sun is Russia, and specifically Vladivostok. Residents of this city greet the morning an hour earlier than the Japanese.
In addition to hours, minutes and seconds, there are such units of time as fentosecond (the smallest segment) and millennium (the largest).
When moving to the USA or Britain for permanent residence, many residents of other countries cannot get used to the local clock. After all, time there is divided into before noon (with the designation AM) and afternoon (with the designation PM).
Omega Speedmaster watches were worn by NASA astronauts during their mission to the Moon. In 1975, during the Soyuz-Apollo experimental program (spacecraft docking), American and Soviet astronauts also wore Omega Speedmaster watches.
In the movies, Daniel Craig wears an Omega watch as James Bond. Sean Connery as James Bond wears a Rolex Submariner. In The Bourne Ultimatum, Matt Damon wears a TAG Heuer watch. Breitling watches are very popular among celebrities, actors and world-famous successful entrepreneurs. Sir Richard Branson and Sir Alan Sugar wear them (and what Nicole Kidman wore in the movie Moulin Rouge).
The magazine Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, founded by the creators of the first atomic bomb, periodically features an image of the Doomsday Clock on the covers. This clock shows how many minutes humanity has left before a global nuclear conflict, thereby symbolizing the tension in the international situation. The clock was last changed in 2017 - it shows 11:57:30. The closest time to midnight was 11:58 in 1953, when the USSR and the USA tested thermonuclear bombs.
Big Ben is not the name of the tower or even the clock on it. Initially, the bell in this clock received this name. And only then this name was extended to the clock and to the tower itself, which is officially called the Elizabeth Tower.
Magical properties have been attributed to watches since their invention. For example, numerous facts are known when they stopped at the moment of the death of their owner. It is believed that a watch is not the best gift - it shortens life and leads to separation from that person. And under no circumstances should you keep a broken watch, otherwise luck and prosperity will stop visiting your home.
Hourglasses have been used in the navy for a long time because they are not afraid of pitching.
Today, more than 1 billion watch movements are produced in the world per year. Of these, about 60% comes from Japan. The most expensive watches are Swiss, so the local manufacturers, while inferior to the Japanese ones in terms of quantity, are significantly ahead of them in terms of revenue.
About 3,000 years ago, fire (fire) clocks were invented in China. They estimated time by the degree of combustion of a special incense stick, or by the amount of burned wax in candles or oil in a lamp. For convenience, we took a candle as a unit of time. And if someone asked: “What time is it?”, and they answered: “One candle,” this meant that it was one in the morning. In total, the night was divided into 3 candles. The first alarm clock was also fiery. It was a lamp filled with oil. Complete burnout of the oil “said” the end of the allotted period. The disadvantages of the clock were inaccuracy (due to the different rates of combustion of oil and wax) and unprofitability (due to use during the day).
The Sultan of Brunei's younger brother, Prince Jefri, paid $5.2 million for 10 diamond-studded wristwatches.
In New York there was a clock that showed money, not time.
There are clocks that show time for dogs. They're called dog watches.
A mechanical watch has only 4 main parts.
There are flower clocks on the streets of many cities.
In the nineteenth and late eighteenth centuries, it was fashionable to display two chains of pocket watches for everyone to see - but of course - evidence of the owner’s wealth, after all - two watches, or a pair, as they said then, could only be afforded by far from poor people! Well, like children, by God! Although there were even jokes that the chains were often without watches, or the watches were old and not working, however - here is the proof! And watches at that time were expensive goods.
After H. Huygens, a scientist from Holland, invented the pendulum in the mid-seventeenth century, which significantly improved the accuracy of the clock mechanism, clocks began to be produced for mass use. By the way, the error was supposedly not great - only a couple of minutes per week, but the accuracy of the watch was checked with similar watches... So, believe it or not... The development of watchmaking was greatly influenced by the discovery of the anchor anchor device by William Clement at the end of the seventeenth century . Thanks to this device, a uniform “tick” cycle of the second clock was ensured, and there was no longer any reason to trust the accuracy of the clock!
Watches for nudists were produced in Holland.
Shops in Japan sold watches “for love.” According to them, thanks to a special program, couples could make love exactly as much as they themselves had planned.
Cuckoo clocks appeared in the 19th century and were not cheap.
More than 13 types of sundials were used.

1.The first clocks were created by the Egyptians around 1500 BC.

2.The most popular color of watches is black.

3. The first water clock became known more than 4000 BC, and was used in China.

4.On a cuckoo clock, you need to change the time without touching the hour hand, because this can disrupt its mechanism.

5. In European countries, watches were usually used to lure people to prayer.

6. You will never be able to find a watch in a casino, because neither the waiters wear them there nor hang them on the walls.

7. There are clocks that move counterclockwise.

9.More than 1 billion watches are created every year in the world.

10. In cold weather, the hourglass will run much faster than in warm weather.

11.The first wristwatch was created for the Queen of Naples in 1812.

12. For a long time, watches were only a women's accessory, but during the First World War, men also appreciated them.

13. The clock goes from left to right, because this is exactly how the shadow of the sundial goes.

14. Interesting facts about watches confirm that many people in the world consider Swiss watches to be the most accurate.

15.Today there are watches without a dial and hands.

16.Wristwatches appeared in everyday use in the 18th century.

17.The most accurate clocks are atomic.

18. Mechanical watches were founded by H. Huygens, a scientist from Holland.

19.The hourglass appeared after the sunglass.

20.Pocket watches were used in ancient Rome. This thing was like an egg cup. This is evidenced by the facts about watches.

21.The first sundial had the only drawback: it only worked outdoors, especially in the sun.

22. People know fire watches.

23.James Joy, who is a famous and popular writer, liked to wear 5 watches at a time.

24.Tag Heuer is considered the most prestigious watch brand. The results of the Olympic Games and Formula 1 were measured with such a clock.

25. A Swiss corporation has created a watch with the image of Mario, who is a popular game hero.

26.The clock tower is considered the most visited place in Venice.

27. The most expensive watches are those that were bought for 11 million at a Sotheby’s auction.

28.Switzerland is considered the birthplace of watchmaking.

29. The Hermitage has a famous exhibit - the Peacock clock, which was created in England. This watch was custom-made by Catherine the Second's favorite.

31.Germany is considered the birthplace of clocks.

32.The first walking clock had only 1 hand.

33. In Great Britain there is the largest museum, which houses a cuckoo clock.

34.The first mechanical table clocks were brought by Dutch traders to Japan.

35. Traditional Japanese watches looked like a lantern.

36.The dial, divided into 10 sectors, is called the “French Revolution” watch.

37.An analogue of a clock in China was an oiled rope with knots tied.

38. Design engineer Andy Kurovets created a unique and creative watch that represents fertilization.

39. A modern gadget is considered to be a watch that is worn on a finger, like a ring.

40. In New York there were clocks that showed not time, but .

41. There are clocks that show time for dogs. They're called dog watches.

42.Watches for nudists were produced in Holland.

43.Shops in Japan sold watches “for love.” According to them, thanks to a special program, couples could make love exactly as much as they themselves had planned.

44.Water clocks were widely used in the Far East.

45. Today, hourglasses are used for medical purposes when a patient undergoes a physical procedure.

46.Modern electronic watches are over 50 years old.

47. Cuckoo clocks appeared in the 19th century, and their price was not cheap.

48.More than 13 types of sundials were used.

49.A mechanical watch has only 4 main parts.

50.There are flower clocks on the streets of many cities.