Lesson summary on art (fgos) - “Russian folk women's costume” (5th grade). Folk festive costume Folk festive costume iso 5
Class: 5
Presentation for the lesson
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Goals:
Educational:
- Introduce students to the features of Russian folk festive costume.
Educational:
- Development of skills in creating an artistic image in a decorative composition.
- To develop students' skills and abilities when using various types of equipment.
Educational:
- To cultivate love and interest in traditional Russian culture, one’s homeland and its history.
- To cultivate respect for the artistic creativity of the Russian people.
Equipment and materials:
- Tables depicting Russian folk costume.
- Templates of female and male figures.
- Drawings by guys on this topic.
- Reproductions of historical paintings by Russian artists (I.P. Argunov “Portrait of an unknown peasant woman in Russian costume”, K.E. Makovsky “Russian beauty in a kokoshnik”, A.P. Ryabushkin “Moscow girl of the 17th century”)
- Set of art materials.
- Fabric, braid, beads, sequins, glue, scissors for applique.
Lesson plan:
- Organizing time. Checking readiness for the lesson.
- Conversation about folk costume. Acquaintance with the features of festive folk costume.
- Setting an artistic task.
- Making an applique based on a sketch made with paints.
- Summing up, analysis of work.
During the classes
I. Organizational moment. Checking readiness for the lesson.
II. Formation of new knowledge. Acquaintance with the features of festive folk costume.
The first screen saver of the presentation appears on the screen.
Dear Guys! Today in class we will talk about “Folk holiday clothing” and its features.
Russian national costume has been used from ancient times to the present day. It has noticeable features depending on the specific region, purpose (holiday, wedding and everyday) and age (children's, girls', married women's, old women's).
Despite the general similarity in cut and decoration techniques, the Russian costume had its own characteristics. In northern Russia, peasants wore clothing significantly different from peasants in the southern regions. A distinctive feature of the Russian national costume is a large amount of outerwear. Cover-up and swing-out clothing. The cover-up garment was put on over the head, the swinging one had a slit from top to bottom and was fastened end-to-end with hooks or buttons.
The costumes of the nobility were made from expensive fabrics, using gold, silver, pearls, and expensive buttons. Such clothes were passed down from generation to generation. The style of clothing has not changed for centuries. The concept of fashion did not exist.
Russian national costume became less common after Peter I in 1699 banned the wearing of folk costume for everyone except peasants, monks, and priests.
Clothes in Rus' were loose, long and unusually beautiful. Clothes made of red fabric were considered the most elegant.
The usual idea of a Russian women's northern costume is usually associated with a shirt, sundress, belt, and sometimes an apron. In the north, sundresses were often complemented by a swing-up chest piece called Epanechka, and in cold weather a long-sleeved Dushegrey was worn over the sundress.
- Russian shirt- in Rus', it was customary to trim shirts with embroidery in the most “vulnerable” places for evil forces - at the collar, along the edges of the sleeves, on the shoulders, and especially along the hem. Embroidery served as a talisman; it was dominated by solar symbols, as well as images of birds, especially roosters, which were traditionally considered guardians who ward off evil spirits.
- Swing sundress- worn over a shirt, decorated on the front with a patterned stripe, braid, silver lace, and patterned buttons.
- Kokoshnik– the most common type of festive headdress is a kind of dense hard cap, decorated with freshwater pearls, gold and silver threads.
- Epanechka- swing shower warmer.
- Shugai- Soul warmer with long sleeves.
In the southern regions of Russia, another type of clothing was common, consisting of a shirt, a poneva (skirt), an apron, and a headdress - a cap (magpie).
This clothing, unlike the sundress, was only peasant clothing.
- Poneva– sewn from woolen checkered homespun material. It was decorated with embroidery, strips of lace, ribbons, and beads. Poneva consists of three panels, with an ornament at the seams. In color, the ponevs were black and blue checkered.
- Apron- “zapon”, “curtain”. The apron was always lavishly decorated with embroidery and often preference was given to the color red. It is not for nothing that the old word “red” meant beautiful at the same time. Red was also considered a magical color.
- Magpie- an ancient Russian headdress of married women or part of it. It was widespread in central Russia. It was the richest of women's headdresses.
Now we will carefully look at photographs of women's clothing:
1. Festive costume of a young peasant woman of the Tula province
2. Festive costume of the Voronezh province.
3. Festive costume of the Oryol province
Guys! Let's figure out what elements these costumes consist of.
And we will carefully consider reproductions of historical paintings by famous artists, which contain images of Russian folk costume.
1. “Portrait of an unknown peasant woman in Russian costume” is one of the most famous works of the Russian artist Ivan Petrovich Argunov. The image of a peasant woman in this work is conveyed with piercing truthfulness and sincere sympathy. The ethnographically accurate outfit of a peasant woman from the Moscow province (kokoshnik embroidered with gold threads, a red sundress, a thin white shirt, bright jewelry), as well as the simplicity and absence of any mannerisms, speak of the peasant origin of the model. Her soft facial features, welcoming, barely noticeable smile and calm pose all emphasize the modesty, openness and kindness of a woman from the people.
2. “Russian beauty in a kokoshnik” K.E. Makovsky.
It seems that these are poems about her by A.S. Pushkin "Beauty"
Everything in it is harmony, everything is marvelous,
Everything is above the world and passions;
She rests bashfully
In its solemn beauty;
She looks around herself:
She has no rivals, no friends;
Our pale circle of beauties
Disappears in its radiance.
Wherever you hurry,
At least for a love date,
Whatever I harbor in my heart
You are a secret dream, -
But, having met her, embarrassed, you
Suddenly you stop involuntarily,
Reverently
In front of the shrine of beauty.
3. “Moscow girl of the 17th century.” A.P. Ryabushkin - The picture is surprisingly simple. A girl is walking along an ancient street in Moscow. Her gait is light and graceful. She seems to be floating above the snow. The impression of lightness is enhanced by a flowing fur coat and a ribbon in a chic braid.
The girl’s figure clearly stands out against the background of a snow-covered street. She's slim. Her head, covered with a high headdress, is proudly raised up. The snow-white skin of the face is covered with a light blush. She is dressed simply: a crimson fur coat, from the sleeves of which the emerald green sleeves of an expensive outfit peek out. A red ribbon is woven into the light brown braid. The colors are bright and saturated.
III. Setting an artistic task.
Based on the sketch made with paints, we work on the applique. We carry out the work from pieces of fabric, braid, and beads.
IV. Making an applique based on a sketch made with paints.
V. Summing up, analysis of work.
Viewing and exhibition of finished sketches, discussion and evaluation
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GBOU NJSC "Secondary school of the village of Kharuta"
Summary of a fine arts lesson in 5th grade
"Folk holiday costume"
teachers of fine arts and drawing
Taleeva Marina Valentinovna
Kharuta village, 2015
Lesson type: combined
Kind of activity: individual
Expected result:
Artistic and creative:
creation of a collective creative composition “Russian round dance”;
Metasubject: (UUD)
cognitive actions - the ability to build an artistic image;
regulatory actions - the ability of students to determine the purpose of their work, identify stages of work, find appropriate means and tools, carry out step-by-step control and evaluation of their actions;
communicative actions – the student’s ability to cooperate, the ability to understand the intentions and interests of people interacting with him.
Personal:
a sense of pride in the culture and art of the Motherland, one’s people;
understanding the special role of culture and art in the life of society and each individual;
the ability to form aesthetic feelings, artistic and creative thinking and imagination;
the ability to cooperate with comrades in the process of joint activities under the guidance of a teacher;
the ability to discuss and analyze one’s own artistic activity and the work of classmates from the perspective of the creative tasks of a given topic.
Goals and objectives:
To familiarize students with the figurative structure of Russian folk costume, the concept of “ensemble”, the meaning of color in clothing, the symbolism of ornament and color.
To cultivate national self-awareness for Russian folk art.
To develop students’ skills and abilities in using various types of equipment in their work.
To develop aesthetic and artistic taste, creative activity and thinking of students, to intensify independent creative search in solving artistic problems.
Musical series: Russian folk songs
Materials for students: Glue, scissors, fabric, braid, beads, thread, needle.
Materials and equipment for teachers:
PC, multimedia, screen
Presentation “Treasures from an old chest”
Handout - human figure template.
Reproductions of paintings by Russian artists - I.P. Argunov “Portrait of an unknown peasant woman in Russian costume”, K.E. Makovsky “Girl in a kokoshnik”, A.P. Ryabushkin “Wedding train in Moscow”, “Russian women of the 17th century in the church” , “Sunday Day”, V. Vasnetsov “Snow Maiden”
During the classes:
artistic task.
Lesson summary:
| Lesson stage | Slide no. |
|
| 1.Organizational stage. Leading to the purpose of the lesson. Objective: inclusion of students in activities at a personally significant level. | Report from the class attendant, checking students' readiness for the lesson, greeting. | |
| 2. Stage “Setting the goals and objectives of the lesson.” Motivation to study the topic. Students select a goal that they would like to achieve by the end of the lesson. Mastering new material. Task: get acquainted with traditional Russian costume, its meaning, decoration. | "The beautiful maiden is coming, Like a peacock floating, She's wearing a blue dress Scarlet ribbon in a braid, Feather on the head" What image is this song talking about? (This song is about a Russian girl.) Can we say the same about the modern woman? Why? (He compares her to a “pavushka”, who is dressed in a beautiful Russian costume, on her head is a crown or kokoshnik, decorated with pearls and pendants. She acted as a housewife, holding her head high and her back straight, “like a peahen,” she “floated like a swan,” the young girl always put her braid on display: “a braid is a girl’s beauty,” they said in the old days) The image of a woman has long been revered in Russian folk art and folklore, and often it is inseparable from the image of a bird - the oldest symbol of goodness and prosperity. “Swan”, “peahen”, “utyushka”, “dove” are epithets that have long been used in folk poetry, emphasizing the plastic side of the image of a Russian beauty. It turns out that a person’s appearance, his costume plays an important role in everyone’s life. It is no coincidence that they have long said: “They meet you by their clothes, they see you off by their intelligence.” What are we going to talk about today? What to do in class? Today in our lesson we will take a journey into the past, get acquainted with traditional Russian costume, and learn how to create a sketch image of Russian women's clothing. What is needed for this? Let's create an outline for our lesson. Get to know the history of the costume Learn the rules of decoration Do creative work Evaluate your work So, we will go to distant past times - to the vast expanses of our vast Motherland, to a village with the smell of fragrant bread just taken out of the oven, with the fragrance of mown, juicy grass. Plunge into the life of the simplest Russian people. What can you say about the life of a Russian family? What kind of life was it? Children's answers. That's right, indeed, the Russian family had a hard life in past centuries. In spring and summer there is hard work in the field. In the fall, they harvested crops and made preparations for the winter. The work began with the first rays of the sun, and ended when it was already completely dark. When did the peasants rest? (When the holiday came, it was joyful and welcome for the peasants) They were waiting for the holiday and preparing for it. How did you prepare for the holidays? ( Everyone put on their best, festive clothes. They sewed it themselves, and everyone wanted to show off their outfits and their skills) They took great care of any clothing, because it was obtained with great difficulty, and each item had to last for many years, often being passed down from generation to generation. Such outfits were stored in a special box with a lid - a chest. The usual idea of a Russian women's costume is usually associated with a shirt, sundress, belt, and sometimes an apron. In the north, sundresses were often complemented by a swing-up chest piece called an epanechka, and in cold weather a long-sleeved soul warmer was worn over the sundress. Both in the north and in the south, the shirt was made from homespun canvas, generously decorating it with embroidery, patterned weaving, compositions of braid, galloon, and sequins. In the southern regions of Russia, another type of clothing was common, consisting of a shirt, a poneva (skirt), an apron, and a headdress - a cap (magpie). This clothing, unlike the sundress, was only peasant clothing. Poneva was made from checkered homespun wool material. It was decorated with embroidery, strips of lace, ribbons, and beadwork. | |
| And the Russian woman’s costume was completed with a headdress. He received special attention. By the headdress one could find out what area its owner was from and what age group she belonged to. Girls everywhere could leave their hair uncovered; a ribbon on their head was enough. They also wore “bandages”, kokoshniks. A married woman had to hide her hair, so the headdresses were closed, for example, “warrior”. Look how beautiful they were, of different shapes in the works of the Russian artist Konstantin Makovsky! Let's look at the slides at the clothes of different provinces, as well as paintings by Russian artists depicting women in folk costumes. | ||
| 3.Stage “Knowledge Updating”. Answers on questions. Task: repetition of the studied material necessary for the “discovery of new knowledge”, identification of difficulties in the individual practical activities of each student. | What is an ornament? Why was the ornament embroidered? What symbols were used in the ornaments? The ornament could be floral, geometric, zoomorphic or mixed. It was believed that the ornament, along with the red color, had a protective effect, which is why it was placed in those places where the clothes ended. At the same time, by surrounding the hand with symbols, the person wanted to increase its strength and dexterity. Dressed in her traditional costume, the peasant woman was, as it were, a model of the Universe: the lower earthly tier of clothing is covered with symbols of the earth, seeds, vegetation, at the upper edge of the clothing we see birds and the personification of rain, and at the very top all this is crowned with clear and undeniable symbols of the sky: the sun , stars, birds. While singing songs, the girls spun, weaved, prepared their dowry, they walked around the village singing on warm summer evenings, they intended their best outfits for round dances and festivities - this is how an inextricable connection between the costume and the song arose and made them related by the originality of rhythms and harmonic combinations. And of course, the theme of the costume was reflected in folk crafts: a clay toy, a matryoshka doll. And in folk music. | |
| 4. Stage “Preventive”. Physical exercise. Task: conducting warm-up exercises to prevent physical inactivity. | We're kicking, stomping, | |
| 5. Stage “Initial check of understanding and consolidation of skills.” Staging artistic task. Task: choosing an ornament and color schemes to create a folk costume in the material. | Based on the material we saw about the costume, we will appliqué the costume. You can use a drawing of a human figure. Build the overall shape of the costume, and then mark out the places for decoration and ornamentation. Determine the color and character, type of headdress. To help you, the sequence of the application is presented on the board. Read it. Safety precautions when working with scissors and a needle. | |
| 6. Stage “Application of what has been learned in practical activities” Task: practical implementation of the task, independent creative work of students. | Let's get to work ( the music is quiet) The teacher makes targeted rounds: control of workplace organization monitoring the correct execution of work methods helping students who are experiencing difficulties control of the volume and quality of work performed. | |
| 7. Stage “Information about homework, instructions on how to complete it” Task: search work in visual comparison of various folk costumes. | Textbook, page 50-59, task 3 | |
| 8. Stage “Reflection (summarizing the lesson). Evaluation of results. Objective: involving students in activities at an analytical level. | Reflection: it was interesting to me… I was surprised... it was difficult for me... I wanted… Students come to the board with their work. Looking at the wonderful costumes, we can really say: “WONDERFUL, WONDERFUL.” |
Literature:
1.Andreeva A.Yu. Russian folk costume. Traveling from north to south. – St. Petersburg: “Parity”, 2005
2. Goryaeva N.A., Ostrovskaya O.V. Decorative and applied art in human life, textbook on fine arts, grade 5./ - M.: Education 2012.
http://www.google.ru
Technological map of the lesson on fine arts in 5 Target: To introduce students to Russian folk costume and its elements; show the meaning of symbolism and color in clothing.
Planned results: In the cognitive sphere:
Define the concepts studied:
suit, shirt, sundress, paneva, epanechka, dushegreya, koruna, harpoon pants, zipun;
Describe the elements of folk costume;
In the value-orientation sphere:
Analyze and evaluate the role of symbols in costume decoration;
UUD :
Personal:
Knowledge of folk traditions;
A feeling of pride in Russian culture;
The ability to manage your cognitive activity.
Regulatory:
- Set a goal and analyze the conditions for achieving the goal.
Predict the situation of future events.
Cognitive:
Search for information using various resources.
Establish cause-and-effect relationships.
Give definitions to concepts.
Communicative:
Ability to organize educational cooperation and joint activities with partners
The ability to enter into dialogue and participate in a collective discussion of a problem, to argue one’s position
Forms of work:
Individual work on a sketch of a Russian folk costume (women's or men's)
Basic concepts: Suit, shirt, sundress, paneva, epanechka, soul warmer, koruna, ports, zipun.
Resources: Textbook, handouts, presentation developed by the teacher, drawings depicting Russian folk costumes
Download:
Preview:
Teacher: Bisenaliev N.I.
Subject: Fine Arts
Class 5
Topic: “Folk festive costume”
Target: To introduce students to Russian folk costume and its elements; show the meaning of symbolism and color in clothing.
Planned results:In the cognitive sphere:
Define the concepts studied:
suit, shirt, sundress, paneva, epanechka, dushegreya, koruna, harpoon pants, zipun;
Describe the elements of folk costume;
In the value-orientation sphere:
Analyze and evaluate the role of symbols in costume decoration;
UUD:
Personal:
Knowledge of folk traditions;
A feeling of pride in Russian culture;
The ability to manage your cognitive activity.
Regulatory:
- Set a goal and analyze the conditions for achieving the goal.
Predict the situation of future events.
Cognitive:
Search for information using various resources.
Establish cause-and-effect relationships.
Give definitions to concepts.
Communicative:
Ability to organize educational cooperation and joint activities with partners
The ability to enter into dialogue and participate in a collective discussion of a problem, to argue one’s position
Forms of work:
Individual work on a sketch of a Russian folk costume (women's or men's)
Basic concepts:Suit, shirt, sundress, paneva, epanechka, soul warmer, koruna, ports, zipun.
Resources: Textbook, handouts, presentation developed by the teacher, drawings depicting Russian folk costumes
Technological map for studying the topic
Lesson steps | Teacher activities | Student activities | UUD |
1st stage of motivation (self-determination) for educational activities; | Good afternoon guys! You have three emoticons on the tables, choose the one that matches your mood. How many smiles lit up. Thank you! And this is my mood... I am ready to cooperate productively with you. Good luck! | Choose an emoticon and show your mood | Self-determination |
2nd stage. Updating. Determining the topic of the lesson | Marks those present. Greets students. Choosing effective ways to organize your workspace. - In order to determine the topic of our lesson, we must solve a crossword puzzle. 1) what people used in ancient times to protect themselves and their homes(characters) 2) constant companion of peasant women(spinning wheel) 3) a color that represented masculinity(red) 4) item for a newborn(cradle) 5) spinning wheel element(blade) 6) the main symbol in ancient folk art(Sun) Determining the topic of the lesson in collaboration with students Guys, what tasks should we set for ourselves in order to find out what Russian folk costume is like? | We got the key word of the lesson - COSTUME - Today we will look at Russian folk costumes. Look at images of men's and women's suits Let's determine what elements a women's and men's suit consists of; Looking at images of costumes of the peoples of Russia Let us determine the differences in costumes of different territories of Russia. | Sensemaking. Setting a learning task based on what is already known and mastered, and what is still unknown. Independent identification of a cognitive goal, |
Stage 3 identifying the location and cause of the problem | Do you know what costume your great-great-grandmother might have worn? What did folk costumes look like, how and why were they decorated? Everything in the costume reminds us of the beauty of our native land. Over the course of several centuries, different parts of the Russian land developed their own characteristic features in clothing, and people strictly adhered to local traditions. What elements does a folk costume consist of, what secret does its elegant pattern keep? | Display of presentations and sketches of costumes prepared by high school students | Ability to analyze and discuss; Assessing objective difficulties Formulating the problem; Independent creation of ways to solve creative problems. The ability to express one’s thoughts with sufficient completeness and accuracy. |
Stage 4 of building a project to get out of a problem | Offers the game “Dress up the doll”. Showing the progress of work on the board (the teacher draws a costume sketch on the board step by step) | (Students are invited to choose the necessary costume elements for the doll | Correction (making necessary additions to the plan and method of action in the event of a discrepancy between the standard and the actual result) Formulation in a communicative form of a specific Ability to cooperate with interlocutors, use of verbal means of communication |
Stage 5 independent work with | Gives Independent creative work: Based on the material you saw about the costume, make a sketch of the costume of your choice (male or female). When performing work, you can use templates of the human figure. | Individual work Demonstrate the ability to work on a sketch of a Russian folk costume; | Ability to manage behavior and activities Ability to organize educational cooperation: independently create ways to solve creative problems. |
Stage 6 of primary consolidation with pronunciation in external speech | Offers to present creative work | Showcasing their work Analyze work | The ability to express one’s thoughts with sufficient completeness and accuracy. Self-regulation as the ability to mobilize strength and energy The ability to express and defend one’s point of view, accept someone else’s point of view, and oppose the interlocutor |
Stage 7 Reflection | Organizes a discussion of work results, problem solving, and goal achievement What did we learn in the lesson? What new and interesting things did you learn? What are the main elements in Russian folk costume? What is the difference between the “Northern” costume and the “Southern” one? | Consciously draw conclusions Express their own opinion about the work and the results obtained Evaluate the correctness of the actions performed, enter the necessary results and correct them Carry out final control | Moral and ethical orientation, assessment of assimilated content, ensuring personal moral choice. Assessment (identification and awareness by students of what has already been learned and what still needs to be learned, awareness of the quality and level of assimilation. |
Stage 8 - homework | Assigns and comments on homework Offers to find material about Russian folk holidays and rituals. Level 1 – easy to find: Level 2 – submit in writing; Level 3 - submit in writing with a presentation | Choose a level | Perceive information Consciously record information |
Class type: combined.
Form: lesson-conversation, excursion into history.
Target:developing students' interest in the historical heritage of our Motherland.
Tasks:
Introduce students to Russian folk costume, the concept of “ensemble,” and the meaning of color in clothing.
To develop students’ skills and abilities in using various types of equipment in their work.
Create conditions for creative work and the development of artistic taste, fantasy and imagination.
Develop the skills of search and research, independent activity of students.
To instill interest in Russian folk art, to form a sense of patriotism.
Equipment: presentation on the topic: “Russian folk festive costume”, computer, projector; record player; reproductions of paintings depicting Russian folk costume (I.P. Argunov “Portrait of a Peasant Woman in Russian Folk Costume”, V.M. Vasnetsov “The Frog Princess”); illustrations for fairy tales; panels depicting a rural landscape, templates of human figures; musical series: Russian folk songs; library materials (books: “Explanatory Dictionary”, “Russian folk riddles, proverbs, sayings”, “Traditions of the Russian people”), a set of art materials.
Lesson plan:
Setting lesson goals. Teacher's opening speech.
Conversation about folk costume. Student reports, presentation.
Setting an artistic task.
Independent work of students.
Working on a collective panel, sharing impressions.
Homework.
Progress of the lesson:
I. Organizational moment.
II. Announcement of the topic of the lesson, introductory speech by the teacher.
(slide 1,2)
a) Conversation:
Let's imagine, guys, that we live in Russia not in the twenty-first century, but somewhere in the seventeenth! What can you say about Russian life? families ? What kind of life was it? What did they do in summer and winter?(Children express their thoughts).
You say correctly: life was difficult in past centuries: in spring and summer there was hard work in the field, in autumn there was harvesting and harvesting. The work began with the first rays of the sun, and ended when it was already completely dark.
But when a holiday came, they greeted it joyfully and always prepared for it.
Presentation (slide 3,4)
Every nation has holidays. They reveal a person’s soul, his character. In Rus' they loved holidays. They greeted spring and said goodbye to winter; holidays celebrated the completion of field work, and sometimes simply the end of the working day. Holidays were always fun, filled with music, singing, games and dancing. Every evening, people of different ages gathered in someone’s hut in the evening and sang and danced there. The song and dance repertoire was very rich and varied. All seasons, all calendar holidays had their own songs, games, dances, fun, and nursery rhymes. Often, catchphrases, jokes, and jokes were invented on the spot, improvised on the spot, especially ditties.
The holiday is not only songs and dances.
- How else is this day different from ordinary everyday life?/outfits/
On the eve of public festivities, heavy chests were thrown open. The more they were stuffed, the richer the owner of the house was considered. All festive clothing was necessarily decorated with elements of embroidery, beads, and sparkles, which, as a rule, was not present in everyday clothing. One could judge the taste and skill of the craftswoman by the clothes, because the peasant woman made her own outfit.
Presentation (slide 5)
Student messages:
People in the old days were little like modern inhabitants. They dressed completely differently. Nobody bought clothes: they made them at home with their own hands.
It was believed that clothes should be comfortable, so they were sewn loose. They did not give their shirt to anyone, as it was believed that it protected a person from adversity.
In the old days, clothes were treated with respect, put in chests, and washed specially.
What a variety of holiday outfits! Slide 6.7 (presentation)
What do they have in common? (patterns)
How can you call it differently? (ornament) What is ornament?
Any Russian costume in the old days was certainly decorated with ornaments and embroidery.
Let's remember what types of ornaments you know? /plant and geometric/
Let's take a closer look at the outfits. (Slide 8)
The basis of any Russian costume was shirt. Shirts with a fastening on the side were called braids. These were usually worn by men. Their outfit also included trousers, which refueled at boots or in onuchi(a piece of fabric), and on top they put on bast shoes.
The shirt was wide and decorated along the hem, collar, and edge of the sleeves with embroidery. And I definitely tied up sash belt <рисунок 1>.
Belts performed many functions: they spoke about a person’s well-being, and were also a reward and a gift and were passed on by inheritance. Festive shirts were embroidered with colored silk threads. Preference was given to red color (as a talisman).
Vocabulary work(the work is given to students in advance: find the interpretation of the words: blouse, shirt, onuchi, bast shoes, pants (ports), belt (sash), in the explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov or Dahl)
Picture 1.
Now let's get acquainted with the women's costume (slide 9, 10)
In the central and northern regions of Russia, women wore sundress<рисунок 2>.
Vocabulary work: find the interpretation of words: sundress, epanechka, dushegreya, kokoshnik, kichka, korotena, poneva, navershnik.
The smooth lines of the sundress seemed to flow, making the woman look like a swan. It’s not for nothing that in songs and fairy tales they are called swans.
The festive outfit also included the so-called soul warmers - epanechki or koroten - short blouses with straps, similar to sundresses<рисунок 2>.
Figure 2.
And in the southern regions of Russia, fashionistas wore a pony complex<рисунок 3>.
Figure 3.
Poneva - skirt. She always dressed over a shirt, then an apron, and then a top.
Red color predominated. This is the color of fire, the sun, magical, beautiful, a symbol of salvation and a sign of a barrier to evil forces. This color was supposed to scare away demons and spirits in human form, and to preserve and protect the owner from various misfortunes.
And finally, hats.
They were clearly divided into dresses for girls and for married women:
Kokoshniks, ribbons, wreaths /girls/.
Koruna, magpie, kitschka /female/.
In the names of the headdresses one can hear a relationship with a bird: kokoshnik, kichka, magpie. And this is no coincidence. Remember the fairy tales: the swan, the swan is white, like a peahen.
Give an interpretation of the words “ensemble”, “color”.
Ensemble - coherence, harmony of parts of a single whole.
Color - color saturation, the ratio of colors to tone.
III. Practical work – creation of a collective panel on the theme “Holiday in the Village.”
Students are given figurines depicting people and need to make them festive clothes.
Differentiated task:
1st group: Colorize ready-made figures, already “dressed” - a task for slow children and those who have difficulty drawing images on their own. Create your own ornament.
Group 2: “Dress” paper figurine, i.e. come up with and draw a festive outfit yourself.
The main condition is the presence of an ornament in clothes.
Finished works are glued onto a pre-prepared panel depicting the countryside.
During the work, you can ask the children several riddles (slide 11-13) and proverbs (slide 14)
During the work, you can invite students to listen to several Russian folk songs.
IV. Bottom line.
Everything in life changes, but the holiday remains. And although he can cope in different ways, the main thing remains - joy, special excitement, fun, elegant clothes, gifts, songs and dances, which are now sometimes mysterious to us. However, these traditions constitute extraordinaryness and peculiarity. You need to remember and know about them.
V. Evaluation of work.
VI . Homework: selection of material about modern fashion (magazine materials).
Interpretation of words:
MBOU "Selikhov Secondary School"
Public lesson Visual arts Subject: Folk festive costume 5th grade
Art teacher: Ilyushchenko O.D.
2014
Topic: “Folk festive costume.”
Target: Educational : To uncover:- folk festive costume as a holistic artistic image;- North Russian and South Russian clothing complex;- variety of forms and decorations of folk festive costume in various republics and regions of Russia;- shape and decor of women's hats; expression of the idea of the integrity of the world, the indissolubility of the earthly and heavenly in the figurative structure of folk festive clothing.Developmental: continue to develop the skills and abilities to create sketches of festive costumes from different regions and peoples of Russia using various techniques and materialsEducational: to develop students’ aesthetic and artistic taste,cultivate respect and love for folk traditions.
Equipment (materials: paper, paints, pencils, eraser); educational presentation, video film “Woman in folk costume”.
During the classes.
1. Organizational moment.
Greetings.
A new lesson has arrived. I will smile at you, and you will smile at each other. And you will think: how good it is that we are all here together today. We are modest and kind, friendly and affectionate. We are all healthy. - I wish us all a good lesson!- 2. Communicate the topic and purpose of the lesson
- 3. Presentation of new material.
Teacher: - Children! Do you like to wear beautiful clothes?
A student dressed in Russian folk costume enters the class.
Teacher: - What nation’s costume is represented on our assistant?
Teacher: Your great-grandmothers and great-grandfathers also sported folk attire. The life of peasants was inextricably linked with nature, the cultivation of the land and the corresponding labor cycles. The holiday either completed some stage of the difficult peasant life, or preceded the next important stage. The holidays were expected and prepared for.
Festive clothing was very colorful, always decorated with elements of embroidery, stripes of braid, beads, cord, sequins and other details that, as a rule, were not found in everyday clothing.Today, a computer presentation will help us see all the beauty of the festive Russian costume.For many peoples, ancient festive clothes had a three-tier structure of decorations.Headdresses and the upper part of the costume are associated with the image of the sky, so the compositions of the patterns are based on an appeal to the sun, stars, birds, which connect heaven and earth. Ribbons hanging from hats symbolize rain. The patterns and embroideries are dominated by the image of fertile land.
We wear caps, berets, and hats on our heads. And in ancient times, women wore kokoshniks and magpies, covering them with scarves on top. These headdresses consisted of 2-5 elements and sometimes weighed several tens of kilograms.
Women have always paid special attention to headdresses, the most visible part of any costume. Headdresses were extremely varied, but were always clearly divided into maiden headdresses and married women's headdresses.
According to ancient custom, a married woman had to carefully cover her hair from prying eyes. It was forbidden to leave the house or do household chores with your head uncovered.
But young girls were not forbidden to show off their hair: “A girl’s braid is a beauty to the whole world.” Hence the differences: girls have light airy braids, crowns, crowns, kokoshniks, ribbons, hoops, and women have deaf magpies, kiki, warriors, scarves.
The clothes of a girl in central and northern Russia consisted of a shirt, sundress, epanechka, and in cold weather, a dushegreya.
Folk holiday clothing could tell a lot of interesting things about its owner: where he was from, what age he was, and for what occasion he was dressed like that. The clothing of each region (province) of Russia had its own patterns, favorite colors, trims, shapes and styles. In the Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Novgorod, Kostroma, and Yaroslavl regions, combinations of a white base with a red pattern were common.
Over the course of several centuries, a tradition developed of creating and wearing those forms of clothing that were the most functional and adapted both to climatic conditions and to convey certain information about their owners. Russia as a whole is characterized by 2 types of women's costume sets: North Russian, which is based on a shirt and a long sundress, and South Russian, the second component of which is a short and voluminous poneva.
The festive shirt was decorated with embroidery, which protected the woman from the evil eye. The collar, mantles, chest, and hem were especially decorated.
It was believed that the richer the shirt was decorated. The happier its owner. By touching the ground with the hem of her shirt, the woman received vitality, and embroideries with fertility symbols gave the earth fertile forces.
The hem of a shirt or skirt was decorated with ornaments symbolizing sown arable land. These are triangles, rhombuses, rectangles with dots. The ends of the wicker belts were decorated with the heads of lizards, which symbolized the underground and underwater world.
Teacher: What forms of ornament do you know? Where are they used?
Student answers:
Ornaments are classified into three forms: centric, ribbon and mesh.
CentricAn ornament is a pattern whose decorative elements are grouped in such a way that they create a closed movement. This pattern is used to decorate tablecloths, napkins, plates, windows and other frames.
Tapean ornament is a pattern whose decorative elements create a rhythmic series with an open two-way movement that fits into the ribbon. Ribbon patterns are widely used to decorate clothing in the form of an embroidered collar, sleeve edge, belt, or headband.
Reticulatean ornament is a pattern in the form of cells that are filled with decorative elements. Woven items were decorated with this pattern.
Teacher: What colors predominated in folk ornaments and what is their meaning?
Student answers: The predominant colors in embroidery were white, red, black, yellow, and brown. Sometimes soft blue and natural green.
In popular belief, white color was associated with light, purity and personified the feminine principle.
Red was the color of the sun, fire, life, beauty and personified masculinity._And now we will watch an interesting video. In it you will see paintings by great artists who depicted the beauty of folk costume.Video "Woman in folk costume."
- 4. Practical work.
- 5. Consolidation of knowledge.
Game “Chamomile” to recognize your favorite element of the costume. The assistant holds a flower in the shape of a daisy with detachable petals on which the names of the elements of Russian folk costume are written. Students who are interested take turns tearing off the petals and answering the question.
- 6. Reflection
1.What was the most interesting thing in the lesson?
2. Continue the phrase: “The most difficult thing in the lesson was when...”.
Thanks for the work. Lesson grades.
- 7. Home building:
Finish the work in color.
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